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Modern Medicine Cabinet: As the parade continues, the modern medicine cabinet changes so rapidly that indispensable drugs of one decade frequently become obsolete in the next.
This change, or series of changes, in the practitioner's medicine cabinet may be illustrated by the surveys made among physicians at various times during the 20th century regarding drugs they considered most important in their practice. Such a survey conducted shortly before World War I showed the ten most essential drugs (or drug groups) to be, in the order named: (1) ether, (2) opium and its derivatives, (3) digitalis, (4) diphtheria antitoxin, (5) smallpox vaccine, (6) mercury, (7) alcohol, (8) iodine, (9) quinine, and (10) iron.
Some observers regard the modern cabinet as united not so much by the equal status of its members as by the near-presidential power of the prime minister. Others argue that, while the cabinet structure is more complex and hierarchical than before, the cabinet is still a genuinely collective final authority within the executive. However regarded, the cabinet in generally conceded to be the source of political action in Parliament. In short, it has maintained the traditional monarchical role of determining policy. Parliament may control the government, but it cannot be said to govern.
The discovery of penicillin was perhaps one of the most revolutionary events in the history of medicine—from two points of view. First, it was a drug relatively nontoxic to man (except, of course, in those cases where a person is allergic to the drug) but a highly potent bactericide. Second, this serendipitous event resulted in the establishment of a new field of chemotherapeutic investigation—antibiotics research—and the floodgate was opened. Today's medicine cabinet contains literally hundreds of antibiotics of various sources, potencies, and ranges of bactericidal activity.
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