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Physical Growth: Mass investigations on the basis of age norms, however, have indicated only a slight relation between the mental and physical status of children. A spurt in mental growth does not appear to parallel the preadolescent spurt in physical growth. The pattern of mental development is similar in boys and girls, despite the difference in their rates of physical maturing.
Mental deficiency is also associated with physical growth. The rate of physical growth of mentally deficient boys is slower than that of normal boys, depending upon the degree of the deficiency (45, 1936). Although subnormal boys continue to grow over a longer time than do normal and superior boys, their ultimate size, on the average, is below that of the private-school boys studied. They show retardation not only in height and weight but also in other developmental factors such ^s learning to walk, teething, and the onset of pubescence. Their mortality rate is nearly twice as high as that of the general population.
Extreme disturbances and deviations in physical maturity affect the child's adjustment. Among these deviations may be mentioned oversize, undersize, extreme acceleration or retardation in rate of growth, disproportionate growth of certain parts of the body, and inappropriate growth. Very tall girls feel especially self-conscious; during adolescence they may find heterosexual adjustment exceedingly difficult. Boys, on the other hand, are usually more disturbed at being undersized.
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