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Well-proportioned Growth: The child who shows vigorous and well-proportioned growth and has the radiant appearance that comes from good health tends to elicit a favorable response from adults. On the other hand, a small, immature physique may hinder a child's social adjustment, and lower his sense of personal adequacy. Muscular growth, with the accompanying motor facility and strength, makes possible many new activities. Development of the brain and nervous system affect not only the child's intelligence but also his emotional and social adjustment. The reciprocal relation between physical and psychological factors may show up in psychosomatic disturbances.
Lateral growth in trees frequently begins later than growth in height, but the period of lateral growth is longer. Rates of lateral growth likewise are low at the outset, increasing after a few weeks and then diminishing. In view of the long annual period of lateral growth in trees, deleterious environmental conditions may exercise a pronounced effect on growth. In the wood of trees of temperate regions, narrow and wide growth rings may be observed, marking years characterized by unfavorable and favorable conditions for growth.
Growth Cycles.—Longitudinal and lateral (diametral) growth do not proceed continuously, but rather are cyclical phenomena with periods of growth activity alternating with periods of relative inactivity. One of the best illustrations of the periodic nature of growth in large woody stems is to be found in the annual ring pattern which characterizes the wood of trees of temperate regions. It has been suggested recently that even in the apparently ever-growing trees of the tropical rain forest, cambial growth is not a continuous process.
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